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Abstract expressionism

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1940 and 1950 Abstract Expressionism it was not only developed to allow painters who filled their canvases with colour and abstract forms, but to allow painters to attack their canvases with vigorous gestural expressionism.  When artists did expressionism art they painted expressions of the self, influenced by the art movement surrealism because of mining the unconscious. The purpose of Abstract expressionism is the understanding of painting itself as a struggle between self-expressionism and the chaos of the subconscious. (Abstract Expressionism Movement, Artists And Major Works). A non-representative art movement. Leading abstract painters Jackson Pollock (1912-56), his wife Lee Krasner (1908-84), Franz Kline(1910-62), Robert Motherwell (1915-91), Willem De Kooning (1904-97), Mark Rothko (1903-70), Clyfford Still (1904-80), Barnett Newman (1905-70), Josef Albers (1888-1976), Philip Guston (1913-80), Adolph Gottlieb(1903-74), and William Baziotes (1912-63). Second gener
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Pop Art

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Began in the mid-1950s and ended approximately in the early 1970s. Pop art is an art movement invented by a British curator Lawrence Alloway, in 1955, pop art is a shorter way of saying “popular art”. This art movement was characterized by the imagery of consumerism and popular culture. Pop Art emerged in both New York and London during the mid-1950s. The movement was characterized by bold, simple everyday imagery and vibrant block colours, it was very interesting to look at and had a vibrant feel. The bright colour scheme that is used in Pop Art was to enable the formation of the avant-garde to emphasize certain elements of contemporary culture, and this helped to narrow the division between the commercial arts and the fine arts. Pop Art was the first Post-Modernist movement (where the medium is as important as the message), as well as the first school of art to reflect the power of film and television. Pop Art was seen/advertised in consumer product packaging, photos o
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Constructivism

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Constructivism(1917) Figure 1: V.Tatlin,  Corner Counter-Relief, 1914, Constructed materials. (The Art Story, 2015)       ·        Last and most influenced modern movement to flourish in Russia in the 20 th Century. ·        It evolved when the Bolsheviks came to power in 1917. ·        It borrowed ideas from Cubism, Suprematism and Futurism which abolished the traditional artists’ ways of using composition and replace it with construction. ·          Used modern materials (this would yield ideas that influenced the mass production ending modern, communist society). (The Art Story, 2015) ·        Avant-garde artists adapted a functionalist, ant historical approach which was hand drawn and organic ornamental forms get replaced by san serif faces, geometric designs and photographic imagery. (The Museum of Modern Art, 2017) Figure 2: El Lissitzky: Beat the whites with the red wedges, 1919 (www.wikiart.org, 2017) The red wedge symbolis
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De Stijl

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The style: 1917 Piet Mondrian and Theo Van Doesburg were the headers of De Stijl movement.  The Stijl( the style) is a Dutch movement that began in 1917 and lasted till 1931. The movement was discovered by a painter named Piet Mondrian, he developed the movement as his own art, later and artists named Theo Van Doesburg developed the movement further.   The Stijl movement was all about primary colours, quadrilateral shapes of squares and rectangles and horizontal and vertical lines.   (Steyn, 2017) The Stijl movement was known to create: Spiritual harmony and order Artists wanted to express the harmony that they believed was the law of the universe to truth and purity. (Steyn, 2017) The Stijl embraced the simple terms of abstraction, it broke down the confusing parts of art into simple visual elements of squares, rectangles and lines. In simple terms the movement broke down an image to its core, to fundamentals of lines and geometric shape, this was done to achieve a plac
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Surrealism

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Surrealism 1924 Figure 1: Catalin, Precup of a woman with a boarded up face and poppy flowers, Unknown year, Drawing.  https://za.pinterest.com/pin/337910778261222320/   The founder of the surrealist movement was a man named Andre Breton in 1924. Andre Breton was a poet and founder of the surrealist movement. He issued the first Surrealist manifesto in Paris 1924.  (Steyn, 2017) Breton insisted that art and life could be renewed by connecting with the areas of the forbidden mind. He believed that surrealism is where chance, desire, memory and coincidence would meet. The surrealistic manifesto included imaginative literature and poetry rather than the visual arts. Surrealism had an appeal for the total liberation of art from all restraints.  Influenced by the Dada movement surrealism often fantasised about the irrational and the inappropriate.  (Steyn, 2017) Same as Dada it questioned reality and logic reason. Surrealism was more positive in spirit th
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Dada 1915

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Dada What is art? Art is when viewers do not get the same interpretation of the same artwork. Dada began in Zurich, Switzerland during the World War 1. It involved visual artists, literature, poetry, art manifesto, art theory, theatre and graphic design. Dada artists concentrated on their anti-war politics through the rejection of everything. From rejecting everything Dada soon was known as an anti-art movement. It rose because of the mood of disillusionment that was caused by WW1. Artists reacted to the mood of disillusionment caused by WW1 as an irony, cynicism and the rejection of moral principle. The sense of disillusionment, the fat of challenging ones believe structure is what made the Dada movement. Dada was so weird to the point where it questioned its surrounding. -Dada was mainly literary because many members were poets and writers.   -The real meaning of Dada meant Hobby Horse. -It rejected rational thinking.  Dada ignored aesthetics, it was ma
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